The 2024 Adaptation Gap Report1 states that even though international public adaptation finance flows for developing countries have increased over the past years, there is still a gap that needs to be filled, and current efforts, such as the Glasgow Climate Pact (which urged developed nations to at least double adaptation finance to developing countries), remain insufficient to effectively close this gap.

This technical paper explores how strengthening the means of implementation (MoI)—including finance, technology transfer, and capacity-building—is central to achieving effective and meaningful adaptation. It examines the evolution of adaptation finance under the New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG) and its implications for developing countries, while also analyzing interlinkages between adaptation and finance workstreams within and beyond the UNFCCC framework.

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